منابع مشابه
A practical guide for understanding confidence intervals and P values.
The 95 percent confidence interval about the mean demarcates the range of values in which the mean would fall if many samples from the universal parent population were taken. In other words, if the same observation, experiment, or trial were done over and over with a different sample of subjects, but with the same characteristics as the original sample, 95 percent of the means from those repeat...
متن کاملHow confidence intervals become confusion intervals
BACKGROUND Controversies are common in medicine. Some arise when the conclusions of research publications directly contradict each other, creating uncertainty for frontline clinicians. DISCUSSION In this paper, we review how researchers can look at very similar data yet have completely different conclusions based purely on an over-reliance of statistical significance and an unclear understand...
متن کاملProbabilistic Intervals of Confidence
Abstract: High accuracy should not be the only goal of classification: information concerning probable alternatives diagnoses, probability of these diagnoses, evaluation of confidence in classification, are also important. Neural models are used just to obtain the winner class but do not provide any justification for their recommendations – they work as black boxes. A method which determine con...
متن کاملCredibility of Confidence Intervals
Classical confidence intervals are often misunderstood by particle physicists and the general public alike. The confusion arises from the two different definitions of probability in common use. As a result, there is general dissatisfaction when confidence intervals are empty or they exclude parameter values for which the experiment is insensitive. In order to clarify these issues, the relation ...
متن کاملOn Increasing Confidence in Confidence Intervals
A set of N data elements (xI +•.• + X~)/N and variance of the th The r moment of the data elements elements is used to estimate E(xr ). th r x1' •.•• xN has r moment E(x)= th r 2r 2 r r moment Var(x ) = E(x )-E (x ). in an arbitrary subset of k Over all the choices of the sample, the mean error is zero and the mean squared error N-k r k(N-I) Var(x). A little-known theorem by Marlow shows that t...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Canadian Journal of Surgery
سال: 2012
ISSN: 0008-428X
DOI: 10.1503/cjs.010211